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About Stars: Main Sequence Stars

A star resides on the main sequence when it fusions hydrogen to helium in its core. This is the case for the most part of its life. It is relatively stable then.

From its color (= surface temperature) it can then be directly concluded to its mass, size and luminosity. Red stars are small and cool, blue stars big and hot. In between are orange, yellow (like our Sun) and white stars. In a diagram (Hertzsprung-Russell diagram) those stars are all in a row, the main sequence.

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The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
Graphic: NASA
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